Joy Daycare Marketing Plan

Bliss childcare publicizing technique and how it lines up with its promoting objectives Advertising is a key showcasing apparatus particularly for new organizations. Promoting empowers an organization to elevate items/administrations mindfulness among expected buyers (Fisk, Grove John, 2008). On the off chance that adequately executed, publicizing is fit for expanding deals and producing enormous revenues.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Joy Daycare Marketing Plan explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the dubious part is the means by which to concoct viable systems particularly for private company like Joy childcare focus. The principle showcasing objective for Joy childcare focus is to expand its piece of the pie consistently with a focused on development pace of 10% p.a. To accomplish this target, with we will draw in the administrations of a site facilitating supplier to guarantee that the business keeps up on-line nearness. This method ology was picked in light of the fact that most guardians are directing their exercises (shopping, classes) on the web, in this way they are probably going to be searching for youngster care administrations through a similar medium. Also, flyers, handouts and business cards bearing Joy childcare logo will be structured and deliberately conveyed inside the area. How the viability of the publicizing will be estimated According to Fisk, Grove and John (2008), the adequacy of promoting systems ought to be estimated dependent on the underlying targets for completing this battle. Bliss childcare publicizing and limited time systems were structured so as to advise clients about our administrations and by so doing expand deals. In addition, special methodologies fortify brand picture among existing clients. We will test mindfulness dependent on the quantity of enquiries we get from potential clients looking for additional data. Also, the brand picture and deals target will be estimated depe ndent on the quantity of asks we get through the different correspondence mediums provided in the adverts. Moreover, we will likewise catch up to build up whether these asks means deals. Special methodologies that might be utilized notwithstanding publicizing The inside will configuration caps, shirts, mugs and bookmarks bearing Joy childcare logo and contact subtleties, disseminate them among existing guardians, and give them additional ones to take to their companions. We will normally direct customary network tidy up exercises and solicitation guardians to welcome different families. A Christmas show for youngsters the two individuals and non-individuals will be composed. Estimating consumer loyalty for Joy childcare administrations According to Hayes (2008), consumer loyalty is the way to organizations achievement. Significant level of consumer loyalty has been related with expanded client faithfulness which in the long run builds a business piece of the overall industry and ben efit. Besides, elevated level of consumer loyalty advances verbal publicizing, while low fulfillment will prompt help/item exchanging (Hayes, 2008). On this note, a consumer loyalty measure along these lines turns into a basic device in promoting since an advertiser needs to keep track on whether their item/administration is living up to their client desires (Fisk, Grove John, 2008).Advertising Looking for report on business financial aspects? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To start with, the middle will present a client care work area that will encourage client care studies. Furthermore, two surveys will be structured. The main poll is for new clients and they will be given to unseasoned parents on the primary day. This poll will contain basic inquiries where guardians will be mentioned to list their assumptions regarding kid care administrations. The subsequent survey will be managed to proceeding with clients whereby th ey will be approached to state what they like or don't care for about Joy childcare administrations. Inquiries in this subsequent poll will be intended to gauge four degrees of consumer loyalty; Satisfaction dependent on the nature of our preparation programs Satisfaction dependent on the adaptability of our working hours Satisfaction dependent on our staff benevolence Satisfaction and steadfastness for example OK prescribe Joy childcare to different guardians? Why (not)? These answers will be measured on a week after week premise, to guarantee that we are bundling Joy childcare focus appealingly to our clients. How holes in client desires and encounters will be tended to Customer fulfillment is an individual’s assessment of an item/administration dependent on biased desires (Fisk, Grove John, 2008). Despite the fact that we attempt to keep up significant level of client care, a few examples of administration disappointment may be unavoidable because of conditions outside our ability to control. On this note, the accompanying methodologies will be embraced to encourage administration recuperation (Fisk, Grove John, 2008). Obviously, every parent inside our objective market has his/her own assumption regarding the sort of pre-school preparing programs they would wish their youngsters to get. Along these lines, it is normal that a few occurrences of disappointments are probably going to emerge. To contain this possible consumer loyalty disappointment, it is upon Joy childcare client care delegate to cause the guardians to comprehend why our picked educational program is superior to the rest in the market. Delight childcare will work an adaptable calendar that is probably going to be reasonable over the whole objective market. To address staff agreeableness hole, we will guarantee that our staff get consistent preparing in client care. In particular, a client support agent will consistently be available to arrangement will outrageous instances of client di sappointment. For example, a kid may get injured inside our premises and a perturbed parent connects with our staff in unsavory scene. In such a circumstance, the client care agent will attempt to contain the parent, and as a feature of our obligation to contain administration disappointment, half of the doctor's visit expenses will be provided food for by Joy childcare center.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Joy Daycare Marketing Plan explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Fisk, R. P., Grove, S. J. John, J. (2008). Intuitive administrations promoting. Boston: Cengage learning. Hayes, B. E. (2008). Estimating consumer loyalty and steadfastness: review configuration, use, and factual investigation techniques. Milwaukee, Wi: ASQ Quality Press. This report on Joy Daycare Marketing Plan was composed and put together by client Jillian Farmer to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; notwithstanding, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here. Bliss Daycare Marketing Plan

Impact of advertisments on consumer free essay sample

Presentation: Being a piece of showcasing process, promoting is these days widespread in each association. All together for an association to be fruitful, significant lumps of their capital must be put resources into making promotions. No organization can turn into a market chief in the event that they don't put a great deal in their advancement (Hussainy et al., 2008). The reality can't be precluded from claiming promoting, being adopted as another viable strategy towards increasing upper hand. Media and papers are overflowed with various publicizing ideas about its fundamental job in making the picture of the item in the psyche of customers. The reality remains that promoting is one best methodology among all showcasing endeavors (Katke, 2007). Showcasing is utilized to make clients mindful of your items and benefits and is a limited time device. This device is utilized for the need to impart end clients. History shows that various images were utilized for the mindfulness and advancement of items yet its diverse in the cutting edge world . We will compose a custom article test on Effect of advertisments on customer or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It has been discovered that applying promoting and its techniques result in picking up purchasers trust as well as, the association appreciates focal points of piece of the overall industry. Before really publicizing their ads, advertisers must need to have an ability about the purchasing conduct of clients for having positive effect on their intended interest group. The point of examining buyer conduct is to think about those variables which impact clients in explicit circumstances for instance in money related angle (Ayanwale et al., 2005). It is in this way significant on some portion of the advertiser to comprehend the necessities of buyers, their intended interest group, different preferences of purchasers and vacancy for which the ad will be on circulated, while making any ad. Commercials must be sufficiently alluring to let buyer recognize the item as well as hold it in their brain. The notices affect thought, evaluation and buys (Romaniuk and Sharp, 2004). It isn't significant that if any purchaser observes any ad he will proceed to get it promptly yet what really significant is that the shopper unquestionably thinks about that brand before buying the item. Publicizing does the job of helping customers to remember the brand as it is just through notices that the shoppers can associate with the organization. Hierarchy-of-impacts model says that effect of promoting brings about the acknowledgment of brand and the commercial, which brings about development of disposition towards the ad and brand at last prompting purchasing choice (Mendelson and Bolls, 2002). Impact of publicizing on buyers as per Will Rogers: â€Å"Advertising is the specialty of persuading individuals to go through cash they don’t have for something they don’t need† Objective of our exploration: The reason for this examination is to comprehend the effect of notice on buyer brand decisions. The aftereffect of this examination will be expansion of new data in our present showcasing information. Writing audit: For making progress, associations these days, look for number of alternatives. So as to increase upper hand organizations are utilizing innovative work as well as preparing individuals and utilizing different advancements. So as to keep the reliability of the buyer, associations see basic promoting idea as an important methodology. Promoting is subsequently thought to be the main weapon to beat rivals in the cutting edge world. Promotions: Philip Kotler (1988) sees Advertising as: â€Å"It comprise of non individual type of correspondence directed through paid media under clear sponsorship† Advertising goes about as a connection between an individual who has something to offer and the other one who gets it. It likewise assists venders with arriving at clients with the data which should be given (Sakren, 1990). Publicizing gives the information about the item and creates thoughts regarding the item in shoppers mind (Morden, 1991).Both the creators are hence of the view that Advertisement is a significant hotspot for buyer to get itemized data about the item yet it isn't vital that each item needs to get promoted , just like the case with numerous such items like Mercedes, Rolls Royce, who have adequate certainty that customers are very much aware of their items. Promoting has affected our lives since its start and has had consistently been an extraordinary effect on the purchasing behaviors of the buyers (Wright, Warner winter, 1971; Wells, Burnett Moria rty 1995; Jugneheimer Whiet 1980). Advertisingâ aims towards keeping up positive reaction towards notice and the brand till client purchases that item and through this valuable reaction building up an enthusiastic demeanor in customers mind. Commercials ought to be planned to build up a positive inclination since positive emotions towards notice help clients in recollecting the item interestingly with those ads making negative sentiments. (Goldsmith and Lafferty,2002) .Positive inclination about the item may pull in the customer once however on the off chance that it’s substandard quality baffles him ,regardless of how much positive inclination there is for the promotion ,shopper won’t purchase the item once more. In this way, for long haul relationship, powerful commercial and great quality should move next to each other. Publicizing targets building fulfillment in consumers’ minds. It makes shoppers mindful of their needs and needs and through that, present them with the accessible items which would fulfill them, reveal to them methods of how to go through their cash and leave it on their will to purchase or not accepting the offer (Kotler, 1993).Kotler has been clear in characterizing the duty of promoting group to give precise and definite data in a snappy manner and cause buyers to understand this is the thing that they need. Purchaser purchasing conduct: Research asserts that character is a key factor affecting buyer purchasing conduct. (Engel, Blackwell Miniard, 1986). . The crowd must get what the sponsor has in his brain. This would demonstrate the ad to be a triumph and would lead the purchaser in purchasing an item (Clow Back, 2002). Arens (1996) remarks about notices to be incredibly educational as they advise the clients about the highlights and characteristics of item which at last outcomes in the arrangement of levelheaded brand inclination of customer toward the item. Advertisers’ first point is to arrive at their intended interest group so as to pull in them in lieu of which they go through a great deal of cash. To accomplish this objective advertisers need to comprehend purchaser conduct which includes seeing all the psychological and enthusiastic procedures of the individuals who purchase products and ventures to satisfy their requirements and needs. Understanding Consumer purchasing conduct is a key towards an effective ad battle as has been very much said by Arens. Understanding the shopper purchasing conduct would include a profound investigation of buyer mental procedures and the eight phases of their purchasing decisionâ process. Goldsmith and Lafferty (2002) delineate that buyers will buy the item just when they watch a commercial and build up a similarity for it. Caciappo, Haughtveat and Petty (1992) bring up that purchasers themselves get affected by the notices as well as they affect their companions , life partner and family m embers. Goldsmith and lafferty, not at all like Caciappo, Haughtveat et al. accept that commercials are the main source to get data about the item . Conversely, the other three likewise bolster informal exchange gained from companion and family members. Rook (1987) apropos depict consumers’ purchasing choices are exclusively founded on ease as opposed to ways that are generally great and they mean to discover ways that would be simpler instead of difficulties of purchasing process. Impacts of promoting on purchasing conduct: Russell and Lane (1996) see that various associations accept ads to be an enchantment as they change buyer conduct about the item in the market. Advertising exercises influence customer conduct both inside and remotely. Consumers’ discernments are firmly affected by their nonstop revelation to notices (Bergh, Bruce Katz, 1999). Publicizing has incredible effects on the purchasing choices of the clients. They influence consumers’ information by giving out data and depicting character and way of life of customers (David, 2001). Another source reveals to us that Radio ads have a significant impact in influencing listeners’ enthusiasm on items and Services (Rajagopal, 2011) .However in current occasions we see that radio ads demonstrate not to be that successful as this media isn't presented to a significant part of the customers. As indicated by the above school of musings, notices give data which might be useful for the end clients, however in genuine they just giv e that bit of data which some way or another advantages them and its remainder stays covered up. Promotions as a powerful enthusiastic influencer: Hsu and Mo, (2009) discovered this out, when contribution was expanded, consumers’ consideration towards the promotions that were identified with the products’, likewise expanded. There is a positive connection between recurrence of promotions appeared and passionate reactions of purchasers (Bezijian et al., 2008) .conversely Brassington and Pettitt, (2001) sees are: For theâ consumer to build up an enthusiastic reaction towards the item it is significant that the publicizing is similarly enthusiastic. As indicated by Carrigan and Attala (2001), ads that are made as per the social and ecological conditions bring about the expansion of buyers’ interest for items

How to Get the Most Out of Your New Student Registration Experience

How to Get the Most Out of Your New Student Registration Experience If youre reading this, youve likely decided to attend Illinois in the fall. Congratulations to you, and lucky us! Now that youre officially an Illini, its time to tackle your next steps to enrollmentâ€"and that includes New Student Registration. New Student Registration is your chance to meet with an advisor to map out your academic strategy and choose your fall classes. It can also help orient you to what being a student at Illinois is really like. Think of it as a trial run for your first day of school: You’ll have the opportunity to meet a ton of your classmates, chow down in the dining hall, and get lost headed from one campus building to another. Kidding! We’re here to make sure that doesn’t happen. Were also here to help you prepare ahead of time and give you some tips on how to make the most out of your time on campus. Before You Attend 1. Sign up! First, you need to sign up through your admitted checklist in myIllini. Because available dates vary depending on your major and space is limited each day, make sure to do this as soon as you can. Sign-ups begin in mid-March. If you live within 500 miles of the university, youll attend an all-day, on-campus registration program. If you live more than 500 miles away, you can choose to participate in an online registration program. If you’re registering for classes on campus, our website provides a schedule of what your day will look like. Online registration looks different depending on what college you’ve been admitted to but includes a virtual meeting with your academic advisor to discuss your academic goals and class options. Both on-campus and online programs allow you to physically register for your first semester of classes. 2. Do your homework. Once May rolls around, you probably thought youd be done with homework until the fall. Sadly (and were very sorry for it), you thought wrong. If it makes you feel any better, though, were using the term homework rather loosely: Your advisor just needs to understand your interests and goals so they can help you choose classes related to those interests and goals! You can access your homework through your admitted student checklist in myIllini beginning in May. 3. Take your placement exams. In order to know what classes youre eligible for, you must also complete placement tests at least 2 weeks before your registration date. The purpose of these exams is to help determine which Illinois courses are most appropriate for you. So although youll want to try your best, you also dont need to stress. Like homework, placement exams are available beginning in May. 4. Check out Illinois courses. While it isnt necessary to come in knowing everything you want to take, it can be overwhelming to sign up for classes on the spot. So it doesn’t hurt to check out the thousands of courses we have to offer using our Course Explorer. Most students have room in their schedules to take a couple classes that have nothing to do with their major, and this is a great time to explore those options. A quick disclaimer, though: Always listen to your advisor for best practices when making your class decisions. Your Registration Day 1. Dress for success. Following are some items you should bring with you to make the day go smoothly. Because you’ll be trekking around campus all day, you’ll want to be as comfortable as possible. An official photo ID (a driver’s license, passport, etc.) to obtain your student ID cardYour Net ID and password to log into the course registration systemComfortable walking shoes for exploringA light jacket for switching between warm outdoor and cool indoor spacesA rain jacket or umbrella if the weather forecast is questionable 2. Ask questions. Everyone at New Student Registration is there for one sole purpose: to help you. Take advantage of this by asking whatever questions you have. Anxious about how different classes will be from high school? Ask current students about their experiences. Curious about how to get a job on campus? Ask staff how to go about finding one. Wondering what to do if you get sick? Talk to the McKinley Health Center. It’s better to leave with your questions answered than to spend the whole summer pondering about them. Ponder over something worth pondering, like space. 3. Explore the community. You took a plane, train, or automobile all the way here, so you might as well spend some time exploring! Take advantage of the tours offered during the program, and feel free to explore on your own as well. Whether you’re looking for local eats, free live music, or an outdoor adventure, Champaign-Urbana has you covered. 4. Embrace the independence. Although you and any guests will start and end your day together, youll spend most of your time here apart. Many students say one of the most difficult parts of college is the transition, so this is a great opportunity to practice being on your own and getting comfortable with the unknown. Talk to the other students you’re registering withâ€"you’re all in the same boat! If you make a friend or two during registration, youll have one or two more familiar faces to look for when you return in the fall. New Student Registration is one of your first steps on your journey as a student at Illinois. Making sure you’re prepared for the day will help ensure you have the best registration experience possible. If you have any questions in the meantime, feel free to take a look at our FAQs or send us an email. Were here to help! planning visit Illinois Admissions We're here for you as you prepare for college. Whether you're looking for guidance on the college search process or have questions about Illinois, we hope our blogs will help!

The Poverty Of The Homeless Essay - 1657 Words

Homeless people are those who do not have the necessities to survive in this world like most fortunate people do. Some of the reasons why people end up becoming homeless are due to poverty, lack of funds to afford housing, loss of employment, drug addiction, or other personal issues. On a day-to-day basis, we see homeless people everywhere such as on the streets or by the freeway begging for money so they can be fed. After observing so many homeless people in Los Angeles, my mom and I decided to do some research to see where we can volunteer to feed the homeless. Soon enough, we found a place where we believed would be a perfect fit to help feed the homeless. Based on our research, we decided to volunteer at this social service organization by the name of St Francis Center located in Los Angeles. We both knew that would be the right place to help those who need it the most. This event was one that was based on a act of good deed, and I will be describing below what it was like to vol unteer at St Francis Center, how my views changed on homeless people, and how it changed me for the better as a person. On a early chilly Saturday morning at about 8:30 am on November 8, 2014, my mom and I were headed to St Frances Center located in Los Angeles to volunteer to feed the homeless. We did not know what we will expect, but at the same time we were very grateful and thrilled that we had the privilege to be able to do this together. On our way there, my mom said to me in the car â€Å"IShow MoreRelatedPoverty and Homeless People893 Words   |  4 PagesHomeless â€Å"Home is where the heart is.† We have all heard this saying at least once in our lives but really, is that true? The short story â€Å"Homelessness† by Anna Quindlen discusses this question. For the author, her home is everything to her. It’s a place of certainty, stability, predictability, privacy for not only her but her family and that is all she could ask for. However while covering a story of homelessness, she meets a woman in a bus terminal and she soon gets a different outlookRead MorePoverty And The Homeless Population Essay1704 Words   |  7 Pagespercent increase since the homeless count in 2013 (Halstead). These numbers are only expected to go up in the coming years, as long the problem of not enough room in shelters exist. In addition to the individual homeless population growing, the streets of Marin will see another consequence that the county faces due to this problem. The community will see a significant increase in the number of homeless families. Marin now more than before is seeing more families living on the streets. AccordingRead MoreHomelessness And Poverty : Homeless People1967 Words   |  8 Pagesbelieve that there have always been homeless people sitting on park benches. When an individual is asked what they see most in a large city like Chicago or New York, ‘homeless people’ is a common response. According to the United States Census Bureau, 320.8 million individuals currently live in the United States of America. Imagine the proportion of individuals that do not own a car or even a house to live in. The National Law Center on Homelessness and poverty did studied to conclude that in AmericaRead MoreCauses And Effects Of Poverty And Homeless People1696 Words   |  7 Pages Carolina the problem that is needed to be addressed is poverty and homeless people throughout the entire state. Some of the problems the are leading causes to poverty and homeless people is unemployment, which is leading to less to none employment opportunities Leading Causes of Poverty†, and income disparity which is leading to many families to not be able to pay bills, buy, or manage income. With the current issue of the causes and effects of poverty and Homelessness in North Carolina, I had to completeRead MoreThe Poverty Of Being Unwanted, Unloved And Homeless924 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"We think sometimes that poverty is only being hungry, naked and homeless. The poverty of being unwanted, unloved and uncared for is the greatest poverty. We must start in our own homes to remedy this kind of poverty.† -Mother Teresa Mother Teresa’s quote speaks volumes to me. When I read this I thought of our own community and those who live in it. Having first-hand experience of seeing the struggles the children have from diverse backgrounds in school when parents cannot help has made suchRead MoreHomeless Children : The Poverty Rate, Lack Of Affordable Housing And Single Parent Households1476 Words   |  6 PagesHomeless Children According to recent reports child homelessness, an estimated 2.5 million children are homeless in the United States. Sadly, nearly half of these children are under the age of five. In fact, one in every thirty children is considered homeless and the numbers continue to increase annually (Bassuk, E., DeCandia, C., Beach, C., Berman, F., 2014) Though many factors contribute to this social epidemic, the high poverty rate, lack of affordable housing and single parent households areRead MoreEssay on Solving Homelessness1416 Words   |  6 Pagesindividual can become homeless, for the most part it is poverty. There are also different concentrations of homeless in different types of environments, such as urban or suburban areas. Last, there is the ever-growing homeless population, and how much money it costs us for others to live in poverty. A way we can help find the solution to this problem, is to know the facts about this lingering subject. People become homeless not because of lack o f effort for success, but because of poverty, drug addictionsRead MoreThe Perception of the Homeless1206 Words   |  5 PagesThere are over 3.5 million homeless people in the United States alone (National Student Campaign against Hunger and Homelessness). Within this amount of people there are challenges beyond not having a home that the majority of citizens with a home do not face. These include: thinking about appearance, quality and source of food, living space, and source of money. Those mentioned are just a few things that non-homeless people may overlook when thinking about the challenges of homelessness. As a nationRead MoreHomelessness And Poverty And Homelessness1699 Words   |  7 Pagesbeing ludicrous. But, for homeless people across America, these circumstances are an ordinary part of life. (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty 7) While a portion of today’s society turns a blind eye to the subject of the criminalization of homelessness, an even larger quantity of people are not aware of the situation that is happening in every major city of America. For those living an affluent lifestyle, it can be difficult to discuss the amount of poverty and homelessness that is constantlyRead MoreNo Look As You Walk Your Routine Route1521 Words   |  7 Pageshalf a million people are homeless. One quarter of homeless people are children.† (â€Å"10 Facts About Homelessness† par. 4). With the growing community of homeless people one-fourth of that is to be composed of homeless children. A person under the age of eighteen years old who have an absence of proper housing vital for a standard person and teens who were abandoned or thrown out are considered homeless children (â€Å"Homeless Facts† par. 13). The children who are considered homeless typically do not have

Essay about Gender Roles and Stereotypes - 1763 Words

Girls are supposed to play with dolls, wear pink, and grow up to become princesses. Boys are suppose to play with cars, wear blue, and become firefighters and policemen. These are just some of the common gender stereotypes that children grow up to hear. Interactions with toys are one of the entryway to different aspects of cognitive development and socialism in early childhood. As children move through development they begin to develop different gender roles and gender stereotypes that are influenced by their peers and caregivers. (Chick, Heilman-Houser, Hunter, 2002; Freeman, 2007; Leaper, 2000) Play is frequently used to asses cognitive and social development because it is cost-effective, can lead to direct interventions, and can be†¦show more content†¦Practitioners might then assign higher levels of play complexity to children based on the familiarity and greater exposure that they have had to a toy. For example girls would have higher play complexity because they alre ady tend to play with dolls which naturally elicit higher play complexity. (Cherney et al., 2003) Children tend to make gender-typed selections by the age of 18-20 months. (Cherney et al., 2003; Zosuls, Tamis-LeMonda, Shrout, Bornestein, Greulich, 2009) Gender labeling is the child’s advance to a conscious awareness to separate by gender categories, and the ability to use gender category information deliberately. (Fagot, Leinbach, O’Boyle, 1992) Girls began gender labeling significantly earlier than boys. (Zosuls et al., 2009) By the age of two or three children will begin displaying gender stereotypes in the selection of toys (gender-typing) and in their display of gender roles. (Cherney et al., 2003; Chick et al., 2002; Eichstedt, Serbin, Poulin-Dubois Sen, 2002) The increase in gender labeling through age predicted increase in gender-typed play suggesting that knowledge of gender categories might influence gender typing behavior before the age of two. (Miller, Lu ryer, Zosuls, Ruble, 2009; Zosuls et al., 2009) Boys tend to show more stereotyped reasoning in play in that they are more likely to categorize ambiguous toys as masculine, and play longer with toys that they consider to be masculine. Girls differ in that they useShow MoreRelatedGender Roles : Stereotypes And Stereotypes1873 Words   |  8 PagesI will investigate gender roles alongside misogyny and sexism examining how ideologies have changed overtime focusing on negative and positive representations of women compared to men through crime dramas. Since the feminist movement in the 70’s various crime dramas have increasing numbers of smart, strong leading female protagonists which is now seen as acceptable, advancing contemporary portrayals of women in television by not conforming to stereotypes eradicating them, helping to battle outdatedRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles Essay1415 Words   |  6 PagesRoles are often assigned to boys and girls in accordance with the sex assigned at birth. We refer to these as gender roles. Gender roles begin to be imposed as early as birth. The nursery in the hospital assigns either a blue name plate for a boy or a pink name plate for a girl. These roles are continuously reinforced by family. Children learn at an early age that boys and girls are different. Children observe gender roles and in many cases these roles are eventually accepted as an unquestionableRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Stereotypes Essay1449 Words   |  6 PagesProspectus: Gender roles and gend er stereotypes in advertising My position: I believe advertisements that reinforce female gender roles and stereotypes are damaging to society. 2. Non-favorable Incidents: The examination of the â€Å"Victoria’s Secret† ad for a line of undergarments labeled â€Å"The Showstopper.† The headline is â€Å"Show nothing but your shape,† and the image is a thin woman with big breasts staring seductively. The image clearly sets a tone that this is what is a stand of ideal beauty. AndRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles1241 Words   |  5 PagesWe will never be able to control how gender stereotypes are formed. Gender roles were naturally created as a result of human evolution and the different modes of living that were adopted by humans. Humans, however remain the driving force behind reinforcing gender roles and stereotypes with different mediums. Such as television, art, and writing. In order to understand how gender is portrayed in contemporary American comedy this paper will analyze the characters from the television show, It’s AlwaysRead MoreGender Roles And Stereotypes1719 Words   |  7 PagesWhether it is consciously or unconsciously, we humans tend to characterize people by their gender. â€Å"Often, gender expectations or stereotypes shape our thoughts and interactions with others in subtle yet perceptible ways† (Block 1). When children enter the school environment, they will likely experience a number of issues relating to gender. They will continue to encounter gender issues throughout their lifetime, so it is important that we teach them to address these issues appropriately. TeachersRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles954 Words   |  4 Pages Gender can be a hot topic within cultures; a male or female does not want to be told that they can or cannot do something based on their gender. Every culture views gender roles differently, and some cultures are more serious about gender than others. Many times, male and female actions are determined by what a person has been taught is right; furthermore, gender roles are a set of societal norms that are the behaviors that a sex is generally known to do and what is considered accepted of a personRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles1261 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen expected to act a certain way depending on their sex. These societal expectations are called gender roles. (Rathus, 2010, p.447). These roles begin to develop even before a child is even out of the womb. A mother may decorate their nursery pink if they are having a daughter because â€Å"girls like pink,† and â€Å"boys like blue.† Gender roles should not be confused with gender stereotypes. A gender stereotype is a narrow way of thinking about how men and woman are obligated to behave. For example, men haveRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Stereotypes1102 Words   |  5 PagesDefined Gender Roles Creating a Lack of Reality in Children’s Literature Distinction is a concept that is learned at a very young age. It is used as a tool to distinguish between race, religion, language, age and especially gender. Where certain topics regarding race and religion may be considered more taboo, the definition of gender is always open for discussion but it is not always depicted in all forms of the word. Children can feel isolated if they cannot relate to individuals they look up toRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles1246 Words   |  5 PagesGender roles are defined as the â€Å"widely accepted societal expectations about how males and females should behave† (Rathus, 2010). From gender roles, we, the people of society, are able to determine whether someone identifies as a male or a female. Both biological and social factors tend to determine what gender roles a person takes on. However, there are also gender stereotypes, which are â€Å"the fixed and oversimplified beliefs about the ways in which men and women ought to beha ve† (Rathus, 2010).Read MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles980 Words   |  4 Pageswhat it means to be a boy or a girl in our society. As children grow and develop, the gender stereotypes they are exposed to at home are reinforced by many elements in their environment and are thus perpetuated throughout childhood followed by adolescence. One major societal issue uprising with the way children are raised in today’s society is the gender specific dressing for boys and girls. The history with gender specific dressing is a one sided masculine enforced point of view for centuries. As

A Room of One’s Own Critical Analysis Free Essays

Many intelligent and creative women can make great contributions to the society if they are given space and time. However, for many years women have been viewed as less intelligent, merely mothers, and objects of ownership. In A Room of One’s Own, a novel by Virginia Woolf, the author argues that Shakespeare’s sister is as talented as her brother and that she can make great contributions to her society. We will write a custom essay sample on A Room of One’s Own Critical Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now In chapter, six Woolf clearly demonstrates her opinion and attitude towards patriarchal society. She portrays her judgment through use of language, narrative, style and other viewpoints about man, their dominance and female subservience. She uses sarcasm and irony combined with a lot humor to emphasize her argument as she contradicts the general opinions of men. She reminds women that what they want depends on them and that they should leave exhortations to men. She however criticizes women for lack of motivation and spirit by referring to them as â€Å"disgraceful ignorant.† Through this the extract, the author gives hope to others but she is also realistic about the society developing a culture of equality. She tells women that it is very important to be their selves than to be anything else, a statement which contradicts men’s belief that women are objects of ownership and are merely mothers. Woolf seeks revenge against the society which is patriarchal through the characters of Mr. John Davies and Professor X. For example, Professor X is not given a name or identity (Davis). The author sarcastically calls men â€Å"great minds†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.are androgynous,† meaning that the part of the male’s mind should work together with women to create something that is original (Davis). She tells the writers that they should not think about their sex but should focus on the story that they are about to write. In conclusion, it is ironic that, in this book she does not talk about a matriarchal society but only talks about the society where women and men are equal. Works Cited Davis, C.   A Room of One’s Own: Critical Response.   July 9 2010.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.dadooda.com/index.cfm/fa/library.detail/Library_ID/8016    How to cite A Room of One’s Own Critical Analysis, Papers

Cultures of Criticism and Accountability in Discussions

Question: Discuss about the Cultures of Criticism and Accountability in Discussions. Answer: Introduction: To understand the role of media in reformation, it is important to understand how it is planning to build up the political viewpoint. They generate viewpoints, anxiety, perceptions, aspirations and strategies for supporting particular policies and practices. The politicians and the religious leaders have stated that there is a causal link between the violence shown in the film, computer games, TV programs and the actions in real life. It is often argued that those particular media content states a terrific negativity on the young and innocent audience. Such beliefs have resulted in an increased state control over the worldwide media. One of the most constant arguments is concerned about the extent to which mass media can be responsible for causing anti social or criminal behavior. It is a matter of concern that to what extent media is responsible for bringing a negative effect on the viewers and audiences. The two prime sources of mass society theory and behaviorism have resulted in the phenomenon of effects research (Anderson and Carnagey 2014). Effects research is often called as hypodermic syringe model as the relationship between the audience and the media is considered as an unrefined and mechanistic process. With this process the media evoke information, values and ideas directly to the audience which further produces instant and immediate response directly from them. The book Ill effects: The media violence debate by M Barker and J Petley claimed that the possible effects of cruel media are true and they vary from a daft to the mischievous. The reason to be considered behind this is the claims that are being used inconsistently are wrong. The cause behind these inappropriate questions is due to the fact that violence does not exist in reality to pose a harmful effect on the media. Violence exists in the form of music, color and so on to develop the effects of violence. There have been old claims about new and bad media images and these are so common that they are always a debatable issue. But these claims are unjustified as they lack any kind of evidence or logic. On the other hand, it is a raising question that how the media influence can be understood. In the report given by Elizabeth Newson, the principle that what is experienced vicariously will have some effect on some people is an established one, and is the reason why industry finds it wor thwhile to spend millions of pounds in advertising, is a common and consistent sentence found in various words. If it is assumed that TV or film or other media have some influence on the life of the people then it is that kind of influence that they want to attribute. For instance, a man took a gun and shot his entire family after getting influenced from the news. When he was taken for trial he casually explained that on the basis of bad world news no one has any point to live. In this example the blame cannot be totally given on the effect of the media. This is because there is a probability that he was depressed and upset because of a family problem which let him murder his family. It can be said that the man in this case was unusual and the news cannot be blamed completely (Svensson 2016). This is not an example of anti- media campaign because the media or news cannot be considered as causes. Andy Ruddock contradicted in his book understanding audiences by mentioning about cultivation analysis which is evolved from the debate on media violence. The question that is frequently asked in this respect is that why television was so violent and what were its impact on the viewers and their behavior towards society. To analyze this question the author had to go beyond content analysis for creating a cultural indicators project. This project took care of the institutional research, scrutinizing the broadcasting structures, analysis of message system and cultivation analysis. The findings explained that the violence shown in television carried the message of social structure with it (Barker and Petley 2002). But the intention is not to provide violence among the audience but to fill the programs with a melodramatic representation. It was revealed in the survey that a major chunk of television viewers overrate the amount of violence in reality with that of their own chances of bein g a victim. The critical treatment of cultivation analysis made it possible to have a focused view on the claim that is made by Gerbner that TV has a distinguished and recognizable effect. But there can be questions and issues that need to be addressed in this respect. Research has shown that there is a relation between the effects of cultivation and the development of media literacy. It can be suggested that the cultivation effects can be created with the tendency to puzzle the information gathered from the TV shows and those that are shown in the news. Lawrence Lessig explained that there are many ways to think about constitutional laws and limits that might be imposed on government regulations (Ferguson and Beresin 2017). Copyright law, defamation law and obscenity laws are continuously threatening the permit for the violation of legal rights. There are policies and norms which can regulate market behavior. The constraints related to these laws are not found easily and they can be changed in different ways. The real difference and similarities between code and law cannot be missed. The fact that can be considered here is market mechanism which helps in observing the regulation behind law. It is also observed by the author of the book, code and other laws of cyberspace, that the government uses a range of tools to evaluate. Thus, the government can attain regulatory ends by the regulation of code writing. This can often take place without experiencing any kind of political consequences that would have been occurred otherwise. But the rule that makes regulation easy is a strict matter of concern (Ferguson 2015). It is often argued that the power of government has a vulnerable sense of value that can enhance efficient regulation. In his book the cultural industries, David Hesmondhalgh has critically put forward that the governments intervene in all areas of commercial life. There is no existence of free market in todays modern and complicated society. But it is appropriate to be inspired by those who believe in the concept of market in the ideal situation. This can be regarded as the best way to issue resources and address human needs. The three areas of legislate, regulate and subsidise are known as policy. These policies of culture, along with the media literacy and communication help in providing knowledge about cultural industries and the changes that have taken place in the previous years. The key elements in the book focus on the consequences of cultural industries since 1980 that had taken place in broadcasting and telecommunication sector (Gentile 2014). In the early 20th century, most places had used telecommunications which was available to the entire population of the area. To be influenced by the actions of the media hence, is not something new. Most of the democratic liberal states had had the role and responsibility to organize telecommunications that passed the authorities in charge of the postal system. Radio was also developed to form one- to- one communication, similar to the kind of telephone or a telegram using the airwave instead of broadcasting. The power of radio as a broadcasting technology became apparent socially as well as commercially and politically. The reason behind the high intervention of the government in the broadcasting and telecommunications were breaking down under the terrible attacks of 1980s and 1990s specifically due to private business from the critics and policy makers who were responsible for supporting their wellbeing (Hesmondhalgh 2007). There are many variations in the public service system but the most important one being funding of television system and the public service channels that are included in it. The other variation is state control of public service broadcasters in some open-minded independent countries such as Greece and France. With the improvement in marketisation the public service broadcasting is pulled apart on the basis of the effort put to arrange the cultural industries. The pro- market union was operated through lobbying and Public Relations along with the policy makers, critics and opinion leaders of the media. One of the important consequences of telecommunication marketisation took place in juxtaposition with a long term effect in broadcasting and the changes that took place in the IT industry. Thus it can be said that the media had actively influenced the society from a long time in the post colonization era and is still continuing to do so which are evident from the given sources (Lessig 2 009). The media reader by John Thompson throws light on the significance of the term communication media. The relevance of this term in this assignment is beyond explanation as the topic is based on the effect of media on the behavior of people. But the term mass is sometimes misinterpreted as in it evokes an image of a large gathering constituting millions of individuals. This can be considered as an appropriate icon of for the media products such as film, TV programs and newspapers. So it can be said that the term mass should not be used in a narrow way. The originality of mass communication lies in the availability of the products to plurality rather than a large number of people are receiving the products. Also mass culture and mass society was considered to have an adverse impact on the society by creating a homogenous culture which entertained the individuals without involving their critical faculties (Mackay and O'Sullivan 1999). The innovation and development in the new media of communication and transport had affected the means by which the individuals experience spatial and sequential characteristics of the social life. Before the media industry was developed many people had the knowledge of time and distance only through symbols. Thus, it can be said that the media had not only affected the society in a bad way but also in a good way. The communication media has given rise to the development of mediated historicity. Verbal interaction and personal communication are considered to have molded the society in recognizing the past which grabs the symbolic attention from the media industry products (Ruddock 2000). The evidence gathered from the books as well as other sources have affirmed that there has always been a controversy on how the media has a negative impact on the society in the form of inflicting violence and changing the opinion of the people. The accusation has varied from a simple claim to a major panic sometimes. The discussion throughout this assignment is a proof of why media has always this reaction from the society. The readings have referred to the debate as whether the media has influenced the public to behave in an aggressive way and change their thinking or the people are only responsible for their difference in behavior. The social impact of the risks associated with the debate of media violence can cause panic and nervousness among the public. The social implication of the risk in relation to the society and the moral panic that is created out of media violence is a debatable issue. It can be said that it is not always the case of media violence but the organization ca n also cause panic in the society. The instances of media violence vary from the childrens cartoons to the horror films of the adults which pose a negative impact not only on the individuals but also on the society. The individuals which are affected by the media have a tendency to imitate the scenes and action that they have experienced on the screen. Video games can also be regarded in this respect as the children are getting affected by its activities. Reference Anderson, C.A. and Carnagey, N.L., 2014. The role of theory in the study of media violence: The General Aggression Model.Media violence and children,, pp.103-133. Barker, M. and Petley, J. eds., 2002.Ill effects: The media violence debate. Routledge. Ferguson, C.J. and Beresin, E., 2017. Social science's curious war with pop culture and how it was lost: the media violence debate and the risks it holds for social science.Preventive Medicine. Ferguson, C.J., 2015. Does media violence predict societal violence? It depends on what you look at and when.Journal of Communication,65(1). Gentile, D.A., 2014. Why dont media violence effects look the same on everyone?: Developmental approaches to understanding media effects.Media violence and children: A complete guide for parents and professionals, pp.45-69. Hesmondhalgh, D., 2007. The cultural industries. Lessig, L., 2009.Code: And other laws of cyberspace. ReadHowYouWant. com. Mackay, H. and O'Sullivan, T. eds., 1999.The media reader: continuity and transformation. Sage. Ruddock, A., 2000.Understanding audiences: Theory and method. Sage. Svensson, G., 2016. Blaming the media. Cultures of criticism and accountability in discussions over refugees, immigration and integration. InECREA conference, Panel The Mediation of Refugeedom. Europes refugee crisis through different lenses, 9-12 November 2016, Prague, Czech Republic..+

Review Of Escape From New York Essays - Snake Plissken,

Review Of Escape From New York In the opening sequence of John Carpenter's Escape From New York, an anonymous narrator sets the tone of desperation and hopelessness with the line once you go in, you never come out. The narrator is referring to the only rule in the maximum security prison built on Manhattan Island. The prison, which was built in 1981 as a reaction to the crime rate going up 400 percent, has no guards. It's every man for himself. The once busy streets of New York city are now nearly deserted, decayed, and run by criminals. The hell on Earth is so unbearable that some attempt to break out of the prison, on a raft, in an almost Escape From Alcatraz fashion in the opening scene. The plot thickens as a group of terrorists hijack the President's plane and crash it in New York. The President is now somewhere in the New York prison and holds an important tape containing a speech that could prevent another world war. Snake Plissken, a tough, renowned war hero and recent inmate of the prison, is the government's only hope to save the world. Snake must capture the President within 24 hours so the President can present the tape at a peace summit the next day. In exchange for his good deed, the government promises to pardon him for every crime he has ever committed. The only catch is the two capsules implanted in his head. If he doesn't complete the mission in 24 hours the capsules will explode. Along the journey, Snake meets a rainbow of characters. He runs into Cabbie, who has driven the same taxi for 30 years in New York. He represents the nostalgia of the once great Big Apple. Snake fights the evil Duke of New York to capture the President. The Duke is the typical bad guy clad in lavish gold chains and surrounded by a group of dimwitted followers. Snake befriends Brain, a timid reserved genius and Maggie, his beautiful girlfriend. Their love affair adds a humanistic touch to the cold insensitive surroundings. In the midst of escaping from the prison, Brain dies on a bridge. Maggie refuses to go on with Snake and calmly awaits her own impending death on the bridge. Dismal tragedy doesn't dominate the movie, however. Elements of humor are found in scenes such as the prisoners' song and dance rendition of the Broadway tune Everybody's Coming to New York and the recurring line mentioned to Snake by each person he meets: I thought you were dead. In addition to humor, several strong themes are found in the film. Escape From New York can be easily compared to a mythic epic journey despite Snake's anti-hero I don't give a damn qualities. The gods (the government) sends Snake on a journey to capture the President. Difficult obstacles hinder his quest. At one point, he must fight a giant with clubs (baseball bats with spikes attached) and a shield (a trashcan lid). Escape From New York can also be compared to a Western with a futuristic twist. The good guys (Snake) and the bad guys (the Duke and his gang) are clearly defined. Old fashioned pistols are replaced with explosives and machine guns. The most obvious theme, however, is its attempt to address today's social problems. If the crime rate actually rose dramatically, what would America do about it? Would they take such drastic measures and put all the misfits of society on an island to die to avoid the risk of repeat offenders? The issue of America's diminishing trust in fair honest government and its leaders is also raised. When Snake is told that the President is missing he nonchalantly says, So? Get a new one. This movie attempts to enlighten the viewer about these issues in addition to entertaining them. Many critics have complained that this movie leaves too many questions unanswered, but I find Carpenter's use your imagination approach to the movie refreshing. In the final scene, Snake asks the President how he feels about the lives lost in the attempt to rescue him (the President). The President, who is about to go the air, impatiently responds this country appreciates their sacrifice. Snake walks away dissatisfied with the President's halfhearted answer as the President plays the tape containing the important

Case Involving the Model of Ethical Decision

Case Involving the Model of Ethical Decision An ethical decision making-model In most cases, solving ethical dilemmas are not through the application of the codes of ethics and standards that are put in place. Therefore, it is critical to have a framework through which any emerging ethical dilemma could be analyzed and the final decision reached.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Case Involving the Model of Ethical Decision-Making specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ethical dilemmas are usual occurrences in many professions and are resolved through the applicable ethical decision-making models (Johnson Koocher, 2011). However, in this case, the Potter Box ethical decision-making model will be applied to come up with the solution to the ensuing problem. Defining the situation In the case, a woman is suffering from the major depression because of divorce filed by the husband and the looming court proceedings that may result in the loss of the sons to the husband. The woman claims that the husband has an extra marital affair, which according to the psychologist, is delusional and should not be included in the final assessment report for diagnosis. However, the psychologist used much of the personal information on the assessment report, which could have negative influence on the client during the court proceedings. The dilemma is whether the psychologist should include the personal information on the report. Identifying the values Ethical principles and codes of conduct form the basis of values that control the conduct of the psychologist. The psychologist beliefs and values should emanate from the general codes ethical codes of conduct that control the behavior, assessment and evaluation of clients as well as decisions that are being made. In this case, the psychologist must apply the principles, standards and codes of ethics while assessing the client’s situation. Identifying the principles Ethical models in decision-making process must back all the actions of the psychologist. In addition, the advice and recommendation of the assessments should also emanate from the theoretical models in ethical decision-making process. In this case, theoretical models such as the utilitarianism and contextualism would be applied to support the recommendations in the assessment report concerning the client’s situation. Choosing the loyalties In this case, it is critical to take into consideration the situation of the client while assessing the life circumstances. However, the consent of the client should be emphasized. The psychologist should seek for the client consent while coming up with the assessment report. Even though the consent may be hard to get in this case, the client should be persuaded to provide his consent on some of the information to be presented.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Applicabl e codes, principles and standards The principles that apply to this case include the beneficence and nonmaleficence, integrity, justice and the respect for the rights of the clients as well as the related people. In applying the principle of beneficence and nonmaleficence, the psychologist must ensure that its assessments and actions does not cause subsequent harm to the client as well as the related people such as the children and the husband. In other words, the psychologist must ensure that the content of the assessments safeguard the interest of the client as well as the husband. The integrity principle requires that the psychologist must observe sincerity, precision and honesty while assessing the client’s situation. Moreover, all the concerned persons must equally benefit from the actions. Finally, the psychologist must respect the rights of the client as well as other individuals in the assessments. The only limiting factor is that while the psychologist would observe and promote the integrity, justice and rights of one individual, other individual right may be compromised. In other words, striking the right principle balance between the people affected may be difficult for the psychologist (Koocher Keith-Spiegel, 2007). During the assessment, the psychologist should put into consideration the ethical standards that include the misuse of their work (Johnson Koocher, 2011). In the case, where the psychologist realized that one party might benefit from the assessments, the necessary steps should be taken to correct the information in assessment report in order to avoid the misuse of such information. The other important ethical standard to be observed is the boundaries of competence. The psychologist should perform the assessment within the boundaries of his psychological knowledge, experience, training and professionalism (Ford, 2006). Most important, the psychologist should produce the final assessment report based on the informed consent (Ford , 2006). The standard of informed consent is critical for the final decisions used for therapies as well as legal proceedings that may ensue. The informed consent standard requires that the client is involved in every step of the assessment and the psychologist seek out the client’s approval (Ford, 2006). In addition, the psychologist should observe the standard of privacy and confidentiality.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Case Involving the Model of Ethical Decision-Making specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The psychologist should establish the limits of private information and the levels of confidentiality without intrusion into the private affairs of the family. Finally, the psychologist should consider the standards of assessment (Ford, 2006). Before putting down the recommendation for further therapies, the psychologist should thoroughly examine the client in order to have adequate information. Applying the utilitarian model to explain the case The theory focuses on the positive outcome of the actions. The psychologist, applying the utilitarian approach to ethical consideration, should consider recommending actions that provides maximum benefits to the client (Johnson Koocher, 2011). In other words, the psychologist should recommend actions in its assessment report that offer maximum quality of happiness to the client. In essence, the decisions made during the assessment should benefit the client. Even though the recommendations should be in favor of the client, the extent to which such recommendations affect the related people should also be taken into consideration. However, the psychologist should be aware of the difficulties in getting the information as well as the extent of the consequences of the recommendations on the concerned individuals. In other words, it would not be possible for the psychologist to measure the extent of the consequences of the assessment recommendati ons. The application of ethical contextualism to think through the case Contextualism model assumes that there exist competing ethical principles and conflicts normally occur between these competing principles. According to this theory, ethical dilemmas should be treated differently depending with the situation and the expected outcome (Ford, 2006). As such, the psychologist should provide assessment recommendations depending with the situation. Further, the theory asserts that there is no ethical principle that can be used to predict the solutions of any other ethical dilemmas (Ford, 2006). Therefore, the solution to the problem will depend on the situation and the outcome of the assessments made. The problem with this school of thought is that the psychologist may find difficulties in the situation where genuine principles conflict (Koocher Keith-Spiegel, 2007). In essence, the psychologist should not utilize the experiences from other cases to apply to this situation.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The case represents a different situation and therefore the principles to be applied in this case should depend on the assessed factors. In other words, the context in this case should inform the moral principles that should be used to find the solution to the problem. References Ford, G. G. (2006). Ethical reasoning for mental health professionals. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications. Johnson, W. B. Koocher, G. P. (2011). Ethical conundrums, quandaries and predicaments in mental health practice: A casebook from the files of experts. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Koocher, G. P. Keith-Spiegel, P. (2007). Ethics in psychology and the mental health professions: Standards and cases. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Strategic Management - Essay Example Therefore, to understand the identity of Tolapp Corporation and define it, clear perception of what is being conveyed in the corporate communications to their audiences, like the sales papers inserted in the newspapers twice a week, is essential. The mission statement is an essential component of corporate communication in establishing its identity. It aims to achieve this externally by expressing what its various target audiences can expect from the services and products (Schnelle, 2008). The corporate communications to their audiences, like the sales papers inserted in the newspapers, is a primary source for the information required for preparing the mission statement for Tolapp Corporation. The synopsis of Tolapp Corporation provided, gives information on the products of the organization, manufacturing locations of their products, and the distribution chain used by Tolapp Corporation to male their products available to their customers. The nine essential components of a mission st atement are customers; products and services; markets; technology; concern for survival, growth, and profitability; philosophy; self-concept; concern for public image; and concern for employees (Rigsby & Greco, 2003). The mission statement developed for Tolapp Corporation is as follows: At Tolapp Corporation we strive to provide energy saving power products, globally acclaimed, through innovative ideas in the creation, development, and manufacture of our products that exceed expectations in value for our customers, and thereby fulfilling the aspirations of all our stakeholders. We believe that to achieve this, empowerment of employees, development of sustainable operations, and commitment to the natural environment is essential. Principle for Prioritizing of Implementation Steps The principle for prioritizing the implementations towards achieving strategic objective of penetration of the global market place is developing the strategic priorities, and developing a response plan on th e basis of the strategic priorities. For example, understanding which country markets are the strategic priorities towards achieving the strategic objective of the global market expansion makes it possible for developing a response plan for penetrating the market of that particular country, and the order in which the markets of different country markets need to be tackled for successful achievement of the strategic objective of global expansion. This priority is necessary as resources are always limited and it is only through the identification of strategic priorities that successful prioritization of resources can be achieved. In addition, by identification of strategic priorities response planning consisting of identification of actionable goals ?communication of priorities ? understanding what can be done ? iterative work ? outcomes review ? next strategic priority can be undertaken (Cooke, 2010). Thus, using the principle strategic priorities helps in identifying and prioritizat ion of the implementation steps towards achieving the strategic objective of penetration of the global market place by Tolapp Corporation. Feedback Mechanisms for Evaluating Effectiveness Monitoring and controlling the response plan of global expansion as a strategic objective is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the response

The experience economy perspective proposes to change the way products Essay

The experience economy perspective proposes to change the way products are, designed, promoted, and consumed. What are the marketing consequences of adopting this approach - Essay Example ys a high pressure that the companies will undergo due to the needed change to improve and stay in sync with the changes in the markets (Brownlie, et.al, 1999). There are also a number of companies that fail to realize the new realities which leads to unwanted and dramatic consequences. The experience economy, in a number of ways, proposes the need for a change in the products in terms of design, promotion and even consumption. This paper aims at understanding the various changes that companies need to undertake in terms of the marketing of these products. The paper will deal with in brief the various changes that are expected from the companies to change in the product in terms of design, promotion and also consumption. Following which the marketing consequences will be discussed in detail. With the growing change of economies and the various technological developments, there has also been a clear change which has been required from the companies as well. The needs of humans change over time and taking the example of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs, it is clear that there is a strong connection between the economic growth and the personal choice in the current economy (Buchanan & Huczynski, 2004). In the earlier days, the economy would be able to meet us to the people’s needs and requirements. The basic needs and Maslow’s Hierarchy’s first step of basic needs like food were easily provided and the growth of the industries led to provide the necessary goods to satisfy the other needs like the safety until the social acceptance and also status. However in the recent ages, with the use of the World Wide Web and the internet, there have been a few changes in terms of the desire for knowledge, which were earlier satisfied by the information economy w hich provided for answers to the cognitive needs and also the desire for knowledge. There have been changes in almost every sector of the industry and the World Wide Web is now providing the companies with a strong

Human Factors In The Aviation Industry

Human Factors In The Aviation Industry Human factors is one of the most used terms in the aviation industry. It was quoted in the Civil Aviation Authority CAP 715 that aircraft accidents recorded from around the world brought the need to address human factors issues in this environment into sharp focus6. Human factor can be fairly described as a mistakes or error that is cause by a human behaviour. It is also the largest causal factor of accidents and so, it must be targeted for major safety efforts if an improved safety records is to be achieved. From human factor, the concept grew into a more in depth system that helps to improvise the aviation maintenance organization working condition and such a new system are; safety culture and safety management system are being implemented in to organization. Safety Management System Safety Management can be seen as a systematic implementation of Risk management in the planning, control and supervision in the process to ensure safe operations. In a publication by Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) on Safety Management Systems for Commercial Air Transport Operations, CAP-712 it defines Safety Management System as: Safety Management is defined as the systematic management of the risks associated with flight operations, related ground operations and aircraft engineering or maintenance activities to achieve high levels of safety performance. 5 A Safety Management System is an explicit element of the corporate management responsibility which sets out a companys safety policy and defines how it intends to manage safety as an integral part of its overall business. 5 In short, safety management system is the processes and arrangements set by an organization to manage the health and safety issues within an organization and through such a method of using a system to manage those important function in the organization; it can improve the performance of an organization and reduce the risks any accidents. In the aircraft maintenance industry, safety management plays an important role of maintaining the satisfactory work output. Failure in this will cause a list of chain effect that could possibly increase the chances of causing an aircraft accident. For this reason, the Civil Aviation Authorities publish manuals on regards to this matter and one of such is the CAP 712 which focuses specifically on the safety management of the aviation industry to minimize the chances any factors that causes risks. A typical Safety Management Systems found in aviation industry should be made up of 4 key components:7 Safety Policy and Objectives; 7 An organization should have a safety policy that outlines the methods and processes that they will use to achieve a positive result. It should declare the principles and philosophies that lay the foundation of the organizations safety culture and be communicated to all staff thorough the organization. Safety Risk Management; 7 Safety risk management process starts with identification of hazards affecting the aviation industry and by assessing the risk associated with the hazards in terms of its seriousness and similarity to previous cases. When the risks are identified, only then can we make the appropriate implementation of remedial actions to reduce the level of risk as low as possible. Safety Assurance; 7 Safety assurance assesses the safety performance of the organization and this will allow continuous improvement to the organization. Through monitoring, measurement and reviewing the safety of an organization, it is possible to create a safety assurance within the organization and allow a continuous improvement of the safety system. Safety Promotion. 7 Promoting safety in an organization by means of training and educating employees will rather increase their safety responsibilities. This is especially effective for operational staffs, managers, supervisors, senior managers and the accountable manager since they are the ones that are responsible for the main production line of the company. Through training and continued maintenance of competence, it will provide an opportunity to reinforce the safety policy and establish the proper attitudes and behaviours for all levels of staff in the organization. Safety Culture Safety culture can be defined as the product of individual and group values, attitudes, competencies and patterns of behaviour that determine their commitment to the health and safety issues. An organization with a safety culture is one that prioritizes the safety and the importance to manage them to reduce risk. However, a safety culture is more than just avoiding accidents or reducing the number of accidents, but an apparent measure of success in improving the safety of employees within the organization. In the aircraft maintenance industry, it is to do follow the correct procedures when carrying out a maintenance check or repairs. Recognizing that accidents are preventable through following the key to achieving that safety culture is in: recognizing that accidents are preventable through following correct procedures and established best practice; constantly thinking safety; and seeking continuous improvement It is however, rare that new types of accidents to occur and many of those common ones continue to occur are normally due to the unsafe acts of employees, or technicians in these maintenance industry. These errors are usually the violation of good practice of establish rules. Those who make these errors are often aware of their foul actions but to cut a lengthy task short, they normally choose to take short-cuts and this ultimately increase the risk of accidents occurring. The central of a Safety Culture is a leadership that is capable of communicating with everyone in the company as a means of actions and setting a standard to the safety culture. Once everyone in the organization are capable of doing their job in a safe ways and vigilance of the hazardous environment of the maintenance organization, only then can they reach a new standard of safety driven through attitudes. At the same time, as a leader they must actively encourage and demonstrate regularly to encourage all employees to participate in order to achieve a new level of safety. A safety culture in an aircraft maintenance industry should consist of five elements2: An informed culture In an informed culture the organization should collects and analyses relevant data, and actively disseminates safety information to update on their safety management system. A reporting culture Through cultivating an atmosphere where people have confidence to report safety concerns without fear of blame. Employees must know that confidentiality will be maintained and that the information they submit will be acted upon, otherwise they will decide that there is no benefit in their reporting A learning culture In a learning culture, the organization is able to learn from its mistakes and make improvements. It will also ensure that people understand the Safety Management System processes at a personal level. A just culture A just culture, errors and unsafe acts will not be punished if the error was unintentional. However, for those who act recklessly or take deliberate and unjustifiable risks will still be subject to disciplinary action. A flexible culture A flexible culture in the organization and the people in it are capable of adapting effectively to changing demands. Safety Management System with Safety Culture In a term, safety culture lays the foundation of the safety management system which can also be treated as the lifeblood of an organization. The safety culture can influences how well its people and structure work together therefore it can determines how successful an organization can be for the long term and short term period at the same time. Safety culture in a maintenance organisation can be also described as the way it operates and particularly in the way it manages safety. To put it simply, a safety culture influences all important thing that go on in an organization. In order for Safety Management System to accomplish its goals, the organization must first be able to establish a safety culture within the working environment. From the key components that made up the Safety Management System and Safety Culture, it is understandable that why without safety culture, a safety management System will not be effective. The Safety culture elements refers to the work environments, such as values, rules and understandings that influence the employees perceptions and attitudes toward the importance of a safety of the organization. On the other hand, the Safety Management System is the arrangements made by the organization in order to promote a safety culture and achieve good safety performance. Without a Safety Culture the industry will not be able to minimize the risks of accidents with just having a Safety Management System. It is the combine effects of the 2 that create a balance of risk management. The safety culture works by providing the proper analysis of risk faced by the industry and by using this information, the Safety Management System can make arrangement to strengthen the safety culture, for example, the attitude of employees when performing a task can be strengthen if they have beneficial claims if they done the task with correct procedure. Therefore, we can conclude that in order for a Safety Management System to establish in the aviation industry, a safety culture must coexist with Safety Management System. Reprimanding Engineer Reprimanding an engineer is a process where they are judge on their mistakes. However, the chances of that engineer making the same mistakes in the future is very low but if we are looking at a different type of mistakes, it is almost impossible to say that by reprimanding an engineer can actually prevent them from making the mistakes in the future. Even if we reprimand the engineer who is at fault it is difficult to put the blame on him/her as we are well aware of human factors and other factors that plays a role in such situation. Therefore, even if we were to reprimand the engineers for the mistakes, it is not entirely possible to say that they will not make other mistakes in the future. The only way to answer the question is the type of mistakes which is either something that we cant control i.e. human factors, and those that are caused by poor management in the organization. By learning from mistakes, the management team will be able to adjust or improve the working culture so t hat the same mistakes will not every happen again in the organization. The few aspects to that place the engineer in a position where he or she is at fault of the mistakes but the fact reveals that they are not entirely at fault. They are: Working Environment Workload Maintenance Team Working Environment: In the maintenance department of aviation industry, with the ever changing working environment it is hard for engineers to cope with it. The maintenance department will have aircraft going in and out of the hangar every day and it should be able to accommodate the specific type and number of aircraft in the base to carry out the maintenance. If the engineer have been working in a tight space area there are bound to have human errors mistakes going on in the maintenance base. When we talk about working environment, it also includes the environmental issues such as temperature, lighting, noise and tools. In different countries the working temperature can play a role in causing human errors which is can be prevented by having proper ventilation in the working environment. Lighting on the other hand plays an important role because a working environment with poor lighting can also promote poor working environment and expose engineers to make mistakes. Noise levels should be controlled to the point where it will not distract engineer when carrying out tasks such as inspection if it is not practical to control the noise source, engineers should be provided with the proper gear to stop the excessive noise that cause distraction. Working environment also includes the different types of tools that are used for specific tasks. If a maintenance need to carry out a task that requires tools that the maintenance department are not prepared with, engineers might be forced in a situation where they need to improvise to get the job done which include using non-compatible tools to do a job. Workload An increased workload may also be considered to be associated as the cause of the mistakes. Workload can affect engineers psychological and physical performance. With increased workload, the amount of stress that builds up slowly can ultimately cause an unwanted problem to happen. This is a common problem that can be found in most aviation maintenance industry as engineers are constantly asked to accomplish a task within a specific amount of time. If for some reason they are unable to accomplish the task in time, their stress level will rise to a point where they might complete the task without proper inspection of being done correctly. Therefore, engineers are not the only reason that will link them to making mistakes but originated from the maintenance department that schedule the amount of work that needs to be done. Maintenance Team In the aviation maintenance industry, it is common to find that engineers work in a team with a handful of technicians or other engineers to accomplish a certain job. However, it is impossible to judge whos at fault when a problem appears in the task that they performed. As a team, it is not justify putting the blame on 1 engineer that performs the task as a team be it the correct way or not. The issues should be raise up against the whole team in order to maintain a balance in the working culture so that everyone in the maintenance department are well aware of such a problem and will be more vigilance. After such an incident, the management team can set up a system that need all team members to inspect that the task is done correctly and without any problems and reducing the chances of repeating the same mistakes in the future. From the unintentional cause of mistakes, we now move on to discuss on the violation of aircraft maintenance practice. Although most engineers stern from a genuine desire to do a proper job but there are always some that chooses to be the odd ones and decided to violate the practices intentionally and pose as a threat to the aviation maintenance. There are 4 types of violation which can be classified: Routine Violation Routine violations is when engineers believe that procedures may be over prescriptive and decided that they can be violated to simplify a task or commonly known by us as cutting corners, to save time and efforts. Situational Violations Situational violation only occurs due to time pressure, high workload, unworkable procedures, inadequate tooling, and poor working conditions. So in order to get the job done, engineers consider that a procedure cannot be followed completely and again skipped the full procedure. Optimizing Violations Optimizing violations involve breaking the rules for kicks or pleasure. These are often quite unrelated to the actual task. The person just uses the opportunity to show that he is very skillful in doing specific task. Exceptional Violations Exceptional Violations are when engineers have no other options to proceed with a task without violating a few rules. Even if the engineers have no ill intention of violating any procedure but circumstances persists. When an error occurs in the maintenance department, the engineer who last worked on the aircraft is usually consider to be at fault and may be reprimanded and requires to go through some remedial training or simply told not to make the same error again. However, by blaming the engineer who is at fault may not be a positive ways of sending message across the maintenance department since other engineers may be discourage to come clean about their mistakes and cover up their mistakes. Ultimately, through reprimand it deny a safety culture to effectively establish in the maintenance department. Without a safety culture, the engineer will not be aware of the other mistakes and subsequently that engineer will make another mistake. All in all, it is not possible that the engineer will avoid making mistakes since there is always a human limit. So, in order to reduce or prevent errors, the maintenance organization needs to compromise between implementing measure to prevent or reduce errors and making profits. Perhaps the most important of all is to achieve a level of management where engineers have no means of intentionally violates the proper procedure to accomplish tasks. Conclusion In conclusion, human factor is one of the most common factors that cause error or accidents in the aviation maintenance industry. In order to prevent or reduce this risk, organization implemented many new types of safety system and culture to counter this problem. Human factor forces people to make mistakes and mistakes leads to accident, be it a serious or minor ones but the end result will be organization not making any profits. Having that said, since its not possible to avoid human factors in the aviation industry, engineers making a mistakes unintentionally can help the maintenance organization to learn from such an incident and implement new system so that they can reduce or prevent such mistakes from happening again in the future.

Exercising Strategy: Never Having to Say ‘You Never Know Essay

A highly educated executive was hired on the spot without background checks. Later it was discovered he had served time in prison for attempted murder. Statistics from a company specializing in background checks shows that in 2000, 39% of the 70 background checks they performed would preclude employment offers. But due to labor shortages companies hire without backgrounds checks. Another company hastily hired a CEO without backgrounds and once his true identity was discovered he was fired. However, the venture-capital deal fell through and when the technology sector took a nose dive they laid off one third of its force. 1.People applying for jobs are always motivated to display themselves in the best light and as a result this can sometimes lead to inaccurate portrayals of abilities, skills, experiences, and personality. Based upon what you have read in this chapter how should you approach a job applicant’s written application and resume if your goal is to make sure that they accurately reflect the person’s past experiences and accomplishments? The approach to verify accuracy in the resume and the application begins with the standard selection process. Performing a prescreening phone interview, human resources would fact find and clearing up any questions on the resume. With candidate’s consent a background and reference check can be attained. The type of position would determine the testing that is used as well as the effectiveness of the selection standard; reliability, validity, generalizability, utility, and legality. There are several tests used for each position; physical ability, cognitive ability, personality inventories, drug testing, and work samples. These criterions are scored and each candidate’s situational interview would involve several trained interviewers. This standardized selection process allows for a better chance to bring in the best people and in return help make the company have  a competitive advantage (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, & Wright, 2010). Another approach is the internal and external recruiting where there is knowledge of the candidate’s history. An internal recruitment offers the hiring manager access to the employee’s file. Then there’s classmate Denise DeRosa’s discussion post on the Superintendent that â€Å"hired two additional external applicants† who he had known. We can infer that he knew the history of both candidate’s past experiences and accomplishments (DeRosa, 2014). 2.And the face-to-face interview process what steps can be taken to assure that the applicant is being frank and honest with you and what steps should you take if you feel that he or she is portraying in an accurate picture of himself or herself? We start with the structured interview using multiple trained interviewers from operations that use a standard system to take notes. We partner the work-sample and the structured interview for a more accurate picture. There are two broad standardized categories of the structured interviews; evaluation and content (Campion, Palmer, & Campion, 1997). The rating from each interviewer should be a part of a shared goal which will be based on observable behaviors or knowledge. The situational interview style will offer insight on experience-based and future-oriented, which looks at reactions in different circumstances. These situational interview questions deal with motivating employees, resolving conflict, and overcoming resistance to change (Latham, Saari, Purcell, & Campion, 1980 pp. 422-427). The authors say, â€Å"Situational interviews can be particularly effective when assessing sensitivity issues dealing with the honesty and integrity of candidates† (Noe et al., 2010 p. 249). However, some authors suggest behavioral interviews, which are based on a person’s past performance on the job is the best predictor of future performance, are more effective than in situational interviews (Levashina & Campion, 2007). When job candidates portray an in accurate picture of themselves employers can perform searches on the internet and see if the candidate’s web presence matches the messaging of the candidate. The authors suggest â€Å"the content the person’s digital identity may be at odds with the image or corporate culture that is  being promoted by the organization† (Noe et al., 2010 p. 250). Second, employers can ask for a large reference list of people and call those people on the phone whereas they might speak with candor. Much has been wr itten on reading body language during interviews to identify candidates not telling the truth. There are some employers that request a drug testing. Another method is requesting elaboration on responses or details on projects or goals which puts the candidate on the spot. 3. Beyond the traditional approaches of going over the application conducting face-to-face interviews what other steps can you as an employer take to ensure that the person who is being hired for the job has the right abilities skills past experiences and personality? There are other steps beyond the traditional approaches which can validate the person who is being hired for the job has the â€Å"right stuff† to be effective in the position they are hired in. Depending on the industry or type of the position the steps will vary. The puzzle interview, which has been used mostly by technology companies, typically provides the candidate with a written problem that needs to be solved. The puzzle interview question provides the employer insight on how the candidate will solves problems in unusual situations (Honer, Wright, & Sablynski, 2007). The use of social media like LinkedIn and Facebook has been used by employers to verify information on job applicants. There are employers determining employee value using web based software, which is a useful tool for data mining and combing through massive amounts of information (Noe et al., 2010, p. 242). But there could be information on the web page that should not be used nor consider when selecting candidates to hire; such as pregnancy, race, or weight (Grasz, 2009). Human resources must be cautious of this potential bias and the legal implications. There will be varying methods and steps utilized by hiring managers when selecting job candidates to ensure the person hired has the skills and experiences to do the job. References: Campion, M. A., Palmer, D. A., Campion, J. E. (1997). A review of structure in the selection interview. Personnel Psychology, 50, 655–702 DeRosa, D. (2014) Discussion Forum 3: Denise DeRosa, TESC, April 15, 2014 Grasz, J. (2009). â€Å"Forty-five percent of employers use social networking sites to research job candidates, CareerBuilder survey finds: Career expert provides dos and don’ts for job seekers on social networking†. Honer, J., Wright, C. W., & Sablynski, C. J. (2007). â€Å"Puzzle interviews: What are they and what do the measure? Applied H.R.M. Research, 11, 79–96† Latham, G. P., Saari, L. M., Pursell, E. D., & Campion, M. A. (1980). The situational interview. Journal of Applied Psychology, 65, 422–427 Levashina, J. & Campion, M.A. (2007). Measuring faking in the employment interview: Development and validation of an Interview Faking Behavior Scale. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 1638–1656.

Discuss the Distinction Between a Fundamental and a Subordinate Moral Principle

Discuss the distinction between a fundamental and a subordinate moral principle using the utilitarian theory as an example. A fundamental moral principle is a moral principle which is the ultimate basis for evaluating the rightness or wrongness of all acts. It is the ultimate and final reason in itself. It is the intrinsic value of the moral principle itself, not that it appeals to other moral principle or justified by other reasons, that makes it the fundamental moral principle.The absolutist nature of a fundamental moral principle is such that it can be applied to all acts, real or imaginary. A subordinate moral principle, on the other hand, is a moral principle which is justified by appealing to other moral principles. That is to say, its relevance and applicability in any situation is dependent on its ability to fulfill other moral principles. Therefore, it can only be applied selectively, to situations whereby the subordinate moral principle can help to fulfill other moral princ iples.Within the context of the utilitarian theory, a utilitarian would evaluate all acts based on whether, as quoted from John Stuart Mill, â€Å"actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness. By happiness is intended pleasure, and the absence of pain; by unhappiness, pain, and the privation of pleasure. † In other words, maximizing happiness is the fundamental moral principle of a utilitarian as a utilitarian will evaluate all acts of its rightness or wrongness based on whether it maximizes happiness and not by any other yardstick.A non-utilitarian, on the other hand, does not hold the same fundamental moral principle of maximizing happiness. A non-utilitarian can be moral absolutist, a moderate non-utilitarian with several other moral principles. In this essay, I shall use fantastic examples to help distinguish a fundamental moral principle from a subordinate moral principle as fantastic examples w ill help to eliminate variables, remove uncertainties and to limit the scope of the examples so that it will best highlight the difference between a fundamental moral principle and a subordinate moral principle.For instance, if not telling a lie would maximize happiness, both the non-utilitarian and the utilitarian will choose not to lie. The non-utilitarian will choose not to lie because he or she believes that it is morally wrong to lie, that it is intrinsically wrong to lie. The utilitarian will choose to adopt the same course of action not because he or she has subscribed to the view that telling lies is intrinsically wrong, but because not telling lies will maximize happiness.Therefore, the utilitarian chooses to adopt the principle that telling lies is wrong is chosen because in this specific scenario, not telling lies maximizes happiness and not because there is a specific utilitarian rule that not telling lies is always preferable. It is hence a subordinate principle as the reason it is adopted is not due to its own merits or its intrinsic value, but due to its ability to achieve the fundamental overarching moral principle of utilitarianism. However, if telling lies would maximize happiness, a utilitarian would choose to do so.The fundamental moral principle behind choosing to tell a lie would be because it maximizes happiness and the moral principle that telling lies is morally wrong will be ditched as it is no longer justified. The subordinate moral principle, that telling lies is wrong, is no longer useful in fulfilling the fundamental moral principle, which is to maximize happiness. For example, when deciding to take away the life of someone, a non-utilitarian, will decide not to do so as it is intrinsically wrong to take away the life of another person.A utilitarian will not consider the morality of taking away the life of another person but only consider if the act will maximize happiness or not. If, as on most occasions, taking away the life of someone does not maximize happiness and instead create immense pain and suffering on the victim’s loved ones and family members who depend upon the victim for a living, what would a utilitarian choose to do? A utilitarian will choose not to do so, just as the non-utilitarian will, not because it is intrinsically wrong to do so, but because it maximizes happiness.Hence, the moral principle of not taking away the life of someone is a subordinate principle as the reason it is adopted is not due to its own merits or its intrinsic value, but due to its ability to achieve the fundamental overarching moral principle of utilitarianism. Consider the situation where an elderly man is under immense pain from an incurable disease and is rendered paralyzed by the disease. His family members are under a lot of stress trying to take good care of him and, observing the overwhelming agony he suffers, are under a lot of pain.Both the elderly man and his family members beg the doctor to euthani ze him, to take away his life. Doing so would relieve him and his family members from a lot of pain and stress. In such a situation, what would a utilitarian doctor choose to do? The utilitarian will choose to take away the life of that elderly person because it will maximize happiness. The moral principle that taking away the life of another person is wrong will be ditched as it is no longer justified in that it no longer fulfills the fundamental moral principle, which is to maximize happiness.That particular moral principle that taking away the life of another person is wrong is therefore a subordinate moral principle as its relevance and applicability is based on its ability to fulfill the fundamental moral principle, and when it fails to do so, it is cast aside and no longer taken into consideration. In essence, the fundamental moral principle is a moral principle which one adheres to in all circumstances whereas the applicability and relevance of a subordinate moral principle i s dependent on its ability to fulfill the fundamental moral principle.If the subordinate moral principle no longer fulfills the fundamental moral principle, as demonstrated by the examples of white lie and euthanasia, it will be ditched. By using such fantastic examples to help strip down a person’s principles to the barest forms, the fundamental over-arching moral principles one holds can be easily identified and differentiated from one’s subordinate moral principles.